Roof Valley Tiles Roof tiles come in various shapes for special positions, particularly where the planes of the several pitches meet. They include ridge, hip and valley tiles. Specifically, valley tiles are cut on an angle down either side of a valley gutter. As some...
Ceiling and Floor Joists A Joist is one of the horizontal supporting members that run from wall to wall, wall to beam, or beam to beam to support a ceiling, roof or floor. Ceiling joists are the horizontal members that provide a structure to fix the ceiling, and...
Wall Frame Noggings Noggins are horizontal members which run parallel with the top and bottom plates between the studs and used to straighten the centre of the wall and provide lateral support to the studs. Certain numbers of noggings are required depending...
Wall Frame Wall framing in house construction includes the vertical and horizontal members of exterior walls and interior partitions, both of load bearing walls and non-bearing walls. These stick members, referred to as studs (the vertical members), top and bottom...
Window Reveal Originally the part of the window or door surround revealed by setting back the architrave. Colloquially, the reveal is extended to include the decorative surround or framing at the sides and top of the inside of a window or door. The reveal is often...
Piers are vertical structures made from brick, concrete, block, stone, timber or steel which support floor structures. An engaged pier is a pier that is bonded to or partially built into a wall. An isolated pier is separate from a wall.
Home Insulation Insulation includes a variety of materials all utilised for their thermal resistance. These are typically installed in the ceiling/roof, floors or walls of a home, and act as a buffer against heat loss during winter, whilst slowing heat transfer from...
Masonry SpallingSpalling is a result of water with mineral salts entering brick, concrete or natural stone and forcing the surface to peel, pop out or flake off. Spalling concrete is due to a natural deterioration process called carbonation. Carbon dioxide in the air...
Incompatible Materials such as metals encourage corrosion. Galvanic corrosion is an electrochemical process in which one metal corrodes preferentially when in electrical contact with a different type of metal. Ion migration occurs between the two metals causing one...
Masonry Tie A Wall Tie is a metal wire or strap which ties masonry to a support frame to brace the external brick or block cladding to the timber frame for structural reinforcement. The support frame can be made from masonry, timber or steel. Brick veneer uses wall...
